662 B
662 B
Classical possibilities
finite
all outcomes for a quantum system
Random bit generator with 1 bit output = classical possibilities 0 and 1
Quantum States
State of quantum system as vector
-> each entry = classical possibility
-> called amplitude
-> can be negative and are complex numbers
Amplitudes tell us the probability of quantum state being in the corresponding class. poss.
probability = |amplitude|^2
Pr[x] = |\psi|^2
Also: \sqrt{\sum^n_{i=1} |\psi|^2} = 1
Example:
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Unitary transformation
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Example with Pauli-matrices:
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