vault backup: 2026-07-23 10:25:24
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@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ Duplikate möglich!!!
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[[DML Data Manipulation Language SQL]]
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## SQL Data Query Language DQL
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| SQL | Argumente | Relationale Algebra |
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| ---------- | ------------------ | ------------------- |
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@@ -24,32 +26,33 @@ Duplikate möglich!!!
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| **FROM** | Liste von Tabellen | $\times$ |
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| **WHERE** | Bedingung | $\sigma$ |
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[[DQL Data Query Language SQL]]
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## Aggregatfunktionen in SQL
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COUNT zählt Anzahl der Zeilen
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`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Tabelle WHERE Bedingung;`
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SUM summiert werte einer Spalte
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`SELECT SUM(Spalte) FROM Tabelle WHERE Bedingung;`
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AVG berechnet Durchschnitt
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`SELECT AVG(Spalte) FROM Tabelle WHERE Bedingung;`
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MIN gibt kleinsten wert einer spalte zurück
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`SELECT MIN(Spalte) FROM Tabelle WHERE Bedingung;`
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MAX gibt höchsten Wert einer Spalte zurück
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`SELECT MAX(Spalte) FROM Tabelle WHERE Bedingung;`
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### SELECT
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```
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SELECT MatrNr, Name, Semester from Student
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```
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## GROUP BY
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Gruppiert Zeilen basierend auf Werten einer oder mehrerer Spalten
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`SELECT Spalte1, AVG(Spalte2) FROM Tabelle GROUP BY Spalte1;`
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Spalte umbenennen
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`SELECT MatrNr AS InsassenNr from Student`
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Keine Duplikate
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`SELECT DISTINCT Semester AS Jahrgänge from Student`
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### HAVING
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Filtert Abfragen mit Aggregatfunktion oder Group by
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`SELECT Spalte1, COUNT(*) FROM Tabelle GROUP BY Spalte1 HAVING COUNT(*) > 5;`
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### WHERE
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```
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SELECT * from Student WHERE Semester = 2
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---
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SELECT * from Student s WHERE s.Semester = 2 AND s.Name='Byleth'
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```
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#### Anatomie einer WHERE Klausel
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Vergleichsoperatoren: <,>,=,<=,>=,<>
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BETWEEN
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LIKE
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IS NULL / IS NOT NULL
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AND, OR, NOT
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+,-,\*,/
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IN, NOT IN, $\theta$ ANY, $\theta$ ALL, EXISTS mit $\theta$ = Vergleichsoperator
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