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Quantum Systems/Quantum Systems.md b/SS2026/Quantum Computing/3. Quantum Systems/Quantum Systems.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..826449e --- /dev/null +++ b/SS2026/Quantum Computing/3. Quantum Systems/Quantum Systems.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## Classical possibilities +finite +all outcomes for a quantum system +`Random bit generator with 1 bit output = classical possibilities 0 and 1` + +## Quantum States +State of quantum system as vector +-> each entry = classical possibility +-> called amplitude +-> can be negative and are complex numbers +Amplitudes tell us the probability of quantum state being in the corresponding class. poss. +probability = |amplitude|^2 +$Pr[x] = |\psi|^2$ +Also: $\sqrt{\sum^n_{i=1} |\psi|^2} = 1$ + +Example: +![[Pasted image 20260729091741.png]] + + +## Unitary transformation + +![[Pasted image 20260729092010.png]] + +Example with Pauli-matrices: +![[Pasted image 20260729092121.png]] + +